Renal Artery Calcium, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Indexes of Renal Function

Risk factors for renal and cardiovascular endpoints in renal transplantation

Cystatin C, renal function, and cardiovascular risk.

Because all the patients had chronic kidney disease (CKD) (GFR <55 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 ), this study cannot be used to assert that cystatin C is definitively better than creatinine for detecting stage 3 kidney disease (GFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 ). Regarding the study methods, the authors do not mention when cystatin C was measured in the frozen samples. Were the samples measured retrospective...

Cardiovascular risk factors in progressive renal disease.

the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the western world. Epidemiological studies have identified important physiological and lifestyle risk factors for CVD (Table 1)1. More encouragingly, evidence from a number of randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses has now demonstrated that this disease may largely be prevented (at least in the general population) by lifestyle modificatio...

Renal artery entrapment - anatomical risk factors rating.

BACKGROUND Cases of renal artery entrapment (RAE) by extrinsic compression have been infrequently reported in the literature. We aimed to describe RAE and elucidate anatomical factors that may be related to renal artery stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred and four patients' computed tomography scans made for various reasons in Radiology Department from 2011 to 2015 were retrospectivel...

A Case Report of Renal Artery Variation

Awareness of the presence of the accessory renal artery in kidney transplant, treatment of renal artery stenosis, clinical assessment of renal vascular hypertension, radiology and angiography interventions is very helpful. In 30% of cases the accessory renal artery is separated from the abdominal aorta and in most cases, this artery along with the main artery entered to the kidney through t...